• 专利附录
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Installation for the treatment by membrane permeation of a feed gas stream comprising at least methane and carbon dioxide, comprising: a compressor A making it possible to compress the feed gas stream, a first membrane separation unit capable of receiving the gas stream from the compressor and providing a first permeate and a first retentate, a second membrane separation unit capable of receiving the first retentate and providing a second permeate and a second retentate, a third membrane separation unit capable receiving the first permeate and providing a third permeate and a third retentate, at least one means for measuring the suction pressure of the second permeate of the second membrane unit, and at least one compressor B allowing the suction of the second permeate and adjusting the suction pressure of the second permeate as a function of the suction pressure measured before recycling the second permeate in the flow g feed nitrogen downstream of compressor A, with each membrane separation unit comprising at least one membrane more permeable to carbon dioxide than to methane. Figure of the abstract: Fig. 1
    公开号:FR3089819A1
    申请号:FR1872937
    申请日:2018-12-14
    公开日:2020-06-19
    发明作者:François BARRAUD；Jean-Marc CHAREYRE
    申请人:Air Liquide SA；LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description
    Title of the invention: Installation and treatment method by membrane permeation of a gas stream with adjustment of the suction pressure of the second permeate
    The present invention relates to an installation for the treatment by membrane permeation of a gas stream containing at least methane and carbon dioxide to produce a gas stream rich in methane - whose methane content meets the needs of its use and a method for controlling such an installation.
    It relates in particular to the purification of biogas, with the aim of producing biomethane that complies with the specifications for injection into a natural gas network.
    Biogas is the gas produced during the degradation of organic matter in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic fermentation) also called methanization. It may be natural degradation - this is observed in marshes or household waste dumps - but the production of biogas can also result from the methanization of waste in a dedicated reactor, called methanizer or digester.
    Due to its main constituents - methane and carbon dioxide - biogas is a powerful greenhouse gas; it also constitutes, at the same time, an appreciable source of renewable energy in a context of scarcity of fossil fuels.
    Biogas mainly contains methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in variable proportions depending on the method of production, but also, in smaller proportions, water, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, oxygen, as well as other organic compounds, in trace amounts.
    Depending on the degraded organic matter and the techniques used, the proportions of the components differ, but on average the biogas comprises, on dry gas, from 30 to 75% of methane, from 15 to 60% of CO2, from 0 to 15 % nitrogen, 0 to 5% oxygen and trace compounds.
    Biogas is valued in different ways. After a light treatment, it can be used near the production site to provide heat, electricity or a mixture of the two (cogeneration); the high content of carbon dioxide reduces its calorific value, increases the compression and transport costs and limits the economic interest of its recovery to this local use.
    Further purification of the biogas allows its wider use, in particular, further purification of the biogas makes it possible to obtain a biogas purified to the specifications of natural gas and which may be substituted for it; the biogas thus purified is “biomethane”. Biomethane thus supplements natural gas resources with a renewable part produced in the heart of the territories; it can be used for exactly the same uses as natural gas of fossil origin. It can supply a natural gas network, a filling station for vehicles, it can also be liquefied to be stored in the form of liquid natural gas (LNG) ...
    The methods of upgrading biomethane are determined according to local contexts: local energy needs, possibilities of upgrading as biomethane fuel, existence near distribution networks or transport of natural gas in particular. Creating synergies between the various actors working on a territory (farmers, industrialists, public authorities), the production of biomethane helps the territories to acquire greater energy autonomy.
    Several steps must be taken between the collection of biogas and obtaining biomethane, the final product capable of being compressed or liquefied.
    In particular, several steps are necessary before the treatment which aims to separate the carbon dioxide to produce a stream of purified methane. A first step consists in compressing the biogas which has been produced and conveyed at atmospheric pressure, this compression can be obtained - in a conventional manner - via a compressor. The following steps aim to rid the biogas of the corrosive components that are hydrogen sulfide and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), the technologies used are conventionally pressure-modulated adsorption (PSA) and trapping on activated carbon. Then comes the step which consists in separating the carbon dioxide to have methane in the end at the purity required for its subsequent use.
    Carbon dioxide is a contaminant typically present in natural gas which it is common to have to get rid of. Various technologies are used for this depending on the situation; among these, membrane technology is particularly effective when the CO2 content is high; it is therefore used to separate the CO2 present in the biogas, coming from landfill gases or digesters of plant or animal waste.
    The membrane gas separation processes used for the purification of a gas, whether they use one or more stages of membranes, must allow the production of a gas of the required quality, at a low cost, while minimizing the losses of the gas that we want to develop. Thus, in the case of the purification of biogas, the separation carried out is mainly a CH4 / CO2 separation, which should allow the production of a gas containing, depending on its use, more than 85% of CH4, preferably more than 95% of CH4, more preferably more than 97.5% of CH4, while minimizing the losses of CH4 in the waste gas and the cost of purification, the latter being for a large part linked to the electrical consumption of the gas compression device upstream of the membranes.
    It is preferable that the natural gas network receives a stream of methane having a constant methane concentration so that the equipment which uses biomethane has regular operation.
    From there, a problem is to provide an installation for obtaining a stream of methane at constant concentration.
    A solution of the present invention is an installation for the treatment by membrane permeation of a feed gas stream comprising at least methane and carbon dioxide, comprising:
    - a compressor A for compressing the feed gas flow,
    a first membrane separation unit capable of receiving the gas flow coming from the compressor and of providing a first permeate and a first retentate,
    a second membrane separation unit capable of receiving the first retentate and of providing a second permeate and a second retentate,
    a third membrane separation unit capable of receiving the first permeate and of providing a third permeate and a third retentate,
    - at least one means of measuring the suction pressure of the second permeate of the second membrane unit, and
    - at least one compressor B allowing the suction of the second permeate and the adjustment of the suction pressure of the second permeate as a function of the suction pressure measured before recycling the second permeate in the downstream feed gas flow of compressor A,
    With each membrane separation unit comprising at least one membrane more permeable to carbon dioxide than to methane.
    [Fig.l] shows an example of installation according to the invention.
    Depending on the case, the installation according to the invention may have one or more of the following characteristics:
    - at least one means of measuring the concentration of CH4 in the second retentate, and at least one means of adjusting the pressure of the feed gas flow as a function of the measured concentration of CH4,
    - the means for adjusting the pressure of the supply gas flow is a compressor or a progressive cut-off and pressurization valve,
    - the third retentate is recycled to the compressor making it possible to compress the feed gas flow,
    - the membranes used in the membrane separation units have the same selectivity.
    The present invention also relates to a method for controlling an installation as defined in the invention, comprising the following steps: - a step of measuring the suction pressure of the second permeate,
    - a step of comparing this measurement with a fixed target value
    - a step of adjusting the suction pressure of the second permeate by compressor B to keep the pressure value equal to the set value. Depending on the case, the method according to the invention may have one or more of the characteristics below:
    - during the adjustment stage, the compressor B undergoes an acceleration or a deceleration; note that an acceleration of compressor B will lead to a decrease in the pressure level in the membranes, and a deceleration of compressor B will lead to an increase in the pressure level in the membranes;
    - the steps of measurement, comparison and adjustment are carried out automatically by means of data transmission;
    - Said method comprises: a step of measuring the concentration of CH4 in the second retentate, a step of comparing this measurement with a set value, and a step of adjusting the pressure of the supply gas flow so as to reduce the deviation determined;
    - the pressure of the feed gas flow is adjusted using compressor A or using a shut-off valve and progressive pressurization.
    the step of adjusting the feed gas flow comprises an increase or a decrease in the pressure;
    the comparison step and the adjustment step are carried out automatically by means of data transmission and data processing;
    - the feed gas flow is biogas.
    A means of data transmission and data processing may for example be an industrial computer of the Programmable Logic type.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    Claims [Claim 1] Installation for the treatment by membrane permeation of a feed gas stream comprising at least methane and carbon dioxide, comprising:- a compressor A for compressing the feed gas flow,a first membrane separation unit capable of receiving the gas flow coming from the compressor and of providing a first permeate and a first retentate,- a second membrane separation unit capable of receiving the first retentate and providing a second permeate and a second retentate, - a third membrane separation unit capable of receiving the first permeate and of providing a third permeate and a third retentate,- at least one means of measuring the suction pressure of the second permeate of the second membrane unit, and- at least one compressor B allowing the suction of the second permeate and the adjustment of the suction pressure of the second permeate as a function of the suction pressure measured before recycling the second permeate in the downstream feed gas flow of compressor A, with each membrane separation unit comprising at least one membrane more permeable to carbon dioxide than to methane. [Claim 2] Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that said installation comprises:- at least one means of measuring the concentration of CH4 in the second retentate, and- At least one means of adjusting the pressure of the feed gas flow as a function of the measured CH4 concentration. [Claim 3] Installation according to claim 2, characterized in that the means for adjusting the pressure of the supply gas flow is a compressor or a shut-off valve and progressive pressurization. [Claim 4] Installation according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the third retentate is recycled to the compressor making it possible to compress the feed gas flow. [Claim 5] Installation according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the membranes used in the membrane separation units have the same selectivity.
    [Claim 6] Method for controlling an installation as defined in one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:- a step of measuring the suction pressure of the second permeate,- a step of comparing this measurement with a set value, and - a step of adjusting the suction pressure of the second permeate by compressor B to keep the pressure value equal to the set value. [Claim 7] Method according to claim 6, characterized in that in the adjustment step the compressor B undergoes an acceleration or a deceleration. [Claim 8] Method according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the steps of measurement, comparison and adjustment are carried out automatically by means of data transmission. [Claim 9] Method according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that said method comprises:- a step of measuring the concentration of CH4 in the second retentate,- a step of comparing this measurement with a set value, and determining the deviation from this set value, and- a step of adjusting the pressure of the feed gas flow so as to reduce the determined deviation. [Claim 10] Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the adjustment of the pressure of the feed gas flow is carried out using the compressor or using a shut-off valve and progressive pressurization. [Claim 11] Method according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the step of adjusting the feed gas flow comprises an increase or a decrease in the pressure. [Claim 12] Method according to one of Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the comparison step and the adjustment step are carried out automatically by means of data transmission and data processing. [Claim 13] Method according to one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the feed gas flow is biogas.
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    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    EP3046655B1|2019-11-06|Method and apparatus for the final purification of biogas for producing biomethane
    EP3666367A1|2020-06-17|System and method for treating a gaseous current by membrane permeation with adjustment of the suction pressure of the second permeate
    EP3666368A1|2020-06-17|System and method for treating a gaseous current by membrane permeation with adjustment of the methane concentration
    EP3369473A1|2018-09-05|Facility and method for treatment of a feed gas stream comprising methane and carbon dioxide by membrane permeation
    EP3613493A1|2020-02-26|Treatment by membrane permeation with adjustment of the number of membranes implemented according to the pressure of the feed gas stream
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    EP3666369A1|2020-06-17|System and method for treating a gaseous current by membrane permeation with adjustment of the suction pressure of the third permeate
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    FR3097774A1|2021-01-01|Plant for the treatment of a flow of methane and carbon dioxide by means of a vane compressor and a membrane separation unit
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    EP3964558A1|2022-03-09|Installation and method for adjusting the production of biomethane to the biomethane utilisation unit
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20200188841A1|2020-06-18|
    CN111321022A|2020-06-23|
    FR3089819B1|2020-11-27|
    EP3666367A1|2020-06-17|
    US11083991B2|2021-08-10|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US20150336046A1|2012-11-14|2015-11-26|Evonik Fibres Gmbh|Control of gas composition of a gas separation system having membranes|
    WO2014121964A1|2013-02-05|2014-08-14|Axiom Angewandte Prozesstechnik Ges.M.B.H.|Gas separation having a membrane separation unit|
    FR3010640A1|2013-09-16|2015-03-20|Air Liquide|PROCESS FOR FINAL PURIFICATION OF BIOGAS TO PRODUCE BIOMETHANE|
    US20180223205A1|2017-02-03|2018-08-09|Air Liquide Advanced Technologies U.S. Llc|Integrated ptsa/membrane method and system for h2s and co2 removal from biogas|EP3964280A1|2020-09-08|2022-03-09|L'air Liquide, Société Anonyme Pour L'Étude Et L'exploitation Des Procédés Georges Claude|Device for controlling a facility for treatment of biogas by membrane permeation|FR3089820B1|2018-12-14|2020-11-27|Air Liquide|Installation and method of treatment by membrane permeation of a gas stream with adjustment of the methane concentration|FR3089820B1|2018-12-14|2020-11-27|Air Liquide|Installation and method of treatment by membrane permeation of a gas stream with adjustment of the methane concentration|
    法律状态:
    2019-12-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2020-06-19| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20200619 |
    2020-12-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2021-12-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1872937A|FR3089819B1|2018-12-14|2018-12-14|Installation and method of treatment by membrane permeation of a gas stream with adjustment of the suction pressure of the second permeate|FR1872937A| FR3089819B1|2018-12-14|2018-12-14|Installation and method of treatment by membrane permeation of a gas stream with adjustment of the suction pressure of the second permeate|
    EP19214494.7A| EP3666367A1|2018-12-14|2019-12-09|System and method for treating a gaseous current by membrane permeation with adjustment of the suction pressure of the second permeate|
    US16/712,373| US11083991B2|2018-12-14|2019-12-12|Installation and method for the treatment by membrane permeation of a gas stream with the aspiration pressure of the second permeate adjusted|
    CN201911281553.8A| CN111321022A|2018-12-14|2019-12-13|Apparatus and method for osmotically treating a gas stream through a membrane with an adjusted suction pressure of a second permeate|
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